Friday, March 28, 2008

Life of jesus christ

The life of Jesus Christ is a very emotional yet religious topic to explain about. His birth was miraculous, the way he lived was very sin free and religious and his death changed people's lives forever. The innocence and loyalty that Jesus portrayed was still not enough for the Roman Empire. He was just too over powering for the government and other peoples lives and was considered a risky individual.

The birth of Jesus was said to be on December 25 yet in the bible there was no set date on which he was born. Jesus was born in Jerusalem 200 years ago to a young woman named Mary. Mary was a virgin who had been visited by angels and had been explained about this miraculous birth that was going to take place. It was said that Joseph was uncomfortable with this idea of Mary having a baby of a holy spirit. Jospeh and Mary were planning their engagement and Joseph wasnt comfortable with following through with this whole idea. The angels and prophets had also predicted his birth to Mary and had it planned and explained it to Mary. People in the city of Jerusalem were waiting for this event to come, the event of his birth. The day had finally come when Jesus was making his arrival. He was born in the hills, unwillingly, of Judea in a very small village called Bethlehem. The birth of Jesus Christ was according to God's eternal purpose. Before he was born, Jesus was in the form of God but he was the spirit of God in a human form. God in no way wanted to make Jesus of any reputation of him. Jesus had a fraternal father named Joseph. Joseph raised Jesus for most of his life. Jesus was considered a miracle but what people didn't know was how much of an impact he would have on the nation and worldwide. His birth, death and teachings changed our world in a positive aspect.

In Jesus' early years he had worked as a carpenter as well as a teacher and others had thought of him as a prophet. He just lived his life like any other normal jewish individual would.

Jesus had healed hundreds of people from sickness and desiese on several occasions and he also raised people from physical death. People had saw the amount of power that Jesus had witheld and people knew he was a great religious leader. In his thirties, Jesus began public teaching and display of public miracles. From all the teachings and healing he had done, he had never travelled more than 200 miles from his birthplace. After thress years of his teachings, his reputation has spread worldwide and people all around the world were studying his teachings.

>From all of the radical claims he had made, this had attracted thousands. The authorities had decided that they had to do something about this before he took over too much power. The Roman Empire were afraid that they would lose power to Jesus.

The authorities had decided that something had to be done about this religious leader. Pilate, which was the head of the Roman authorities didn't want to kill Jesus because he knew he was innocent. In order to keep up his reputation, Pilate had sentanced him to execution because he didnt want the people in the community and society to hate on him. Pilate had ordered that he'd be beaten so he could be restless when hung up on the cross. It was said around noon, Jesus had been executed around 12:00 pm. Jesus was brutally tortured and then hung by his hands, which were nailed to a horizontal wooden beam (cross). This torture had taken place for16 hours straight. You can only imagine how painful it was. This method of execution restricted the airflow to his lungs, killing him in three hours. Jesus had shown no fear of death when they had warned him about his execution. He knew that he was dying as a sacrifice for the sins of people and for the freedom of his people. However, according to more than 500 witnesses, Jesus returned from the dead three days later on a sunday, and over the next 40 days journeyed in both the southern and northern provinces of Israel. To many, this was conclusive proof that Jesus' claims to be God were real. Then Jesus returned to Jerusalem, the city where he was recently executed, and according to witnesses, he left the earth alive by rising up into the sky. People could not believe what had happened. Could they have really had executed a great leader with amazing powers. A man that was so courageous, fearless, compassionate, forgiving, forsaking the riches and befriending the lowly had died a very unneccessary death.

After Jesus' execution, the christian faith increased immensley. People worldwide are now practising the faith of Jesus. His death has changed history and people's lives and the way they act, live and treat others around them. Within 100 years, people throughout the Roman empire (Asia Minor, Europe) became followers of Jesus. In 325 AD, the following of Jesus, Christianity, became the official religion of the Roman Emperor Constantine. Within 500 years, even Greece's temples of Greek gods were transformed into churches for followers of Jesus.

Although some of Jesus' messages and teachings were diluted or miscommunicated through the expansion of a religious institution, Jesus' original words and life still speak loudly for themselves. Only a few months later in that same city of Jerusalem one record states that some 3000 new followers were added in a single day. The religious leaders responded by trying to stomp out Jesus' followers. Many of these people chose to die rather than deny their belief that Jesus was truly God. This is how faithful Jesus' followers were. So as you can see Jesus Christ lived a hard yet experiencing life. He changed the lives of others, help them by taking away their sickness and giving them good health, and also helped those in need and started a very popular faith within christianity which is followed by million and millions of individuals each day, and is still increasing rapidly.

by Anonymous Student

Personal Statement

Although I hate routine, I do try to make the best of it. School, sports, friends, work, love, family, internet, food, and sleep pretty much sums up my life. I skip to school and I play volleyball like it’s the last time I’ll ever play. I make many jokes until my friends’ stomachs hurt from so much laughter and sing “She Works Hard for the Money” on my way to work. I smother my boyfriend with as much affection I can muster and annoy my family until they want to smother me. I become “superwoman multi-tasker” when I write blogs about my day while; talking to five people online, two over the phone, and doing my homework at the same time. Then I enjoy a fattening meal as if it were my last and then fly in a world no one knows of... I like to live life to the fullest, one step at a time.

I lived in the suburbs throughout most of my childhood. River Forest is a wonderful suburb for a youngster, but I didn’t get to experience it as a teenager. My mother and I moved back to Chicago and have been here ever since. I wouldn’t want to live anywhere else. So many memories have formed here, good as well as bad ones, but memories that will never be forgotten. I went to two different grammar schools here in Chicago and one in River Forest. As nervous as I was to move from school to school, it didn’t take me long to settle and make friends. One thing I have learned about myself through the years is that I adapt quite easily to new settings.

High school was a new battlefield, but thanks to grammar school and the neighborhood park, familiar faces were not hard to find. High school is an exciting episode in life and to experience it at Mather has made it even more enjoyable. I would have to say my favorite part of Mather is the prominent athletic teams. There is nothing like being a Mather Ranger. Being on the volleyball team, the basketball team, and the softball team has taught me a lot about teamwork, leadership, competition, and self discipline. I was made team captain for both volleyball and softball. Over the years I have won three “most-improved” awards and a “team spirit” award (an award specially made for me and one other girl on my team, for being the ones to keep the team’s spirits up even when we were losing).

Beside my sports, I consider myself an average student academically. I like to take honors classes because of the challenge so I take one every year. I participate in class quite often; I’m always ready to read out loud or act in the class play. My biggest downfall seems to be tests, but that seems pretty common. I believe I just need to change my study habits or create some. Another extracurricular activity I have participated in is yearbook. I love photography and everything that goes with it. I was so excited to join and to make my last year most memorable. One of my most exciting memories will be my recent victory of Homecoming Queen.

When I look back on this year, I want to have a big smile on my face. I would like to be the first generation to graduate from college. I want to make a difference in children’s lives when I get my teacher’s certification for Early Childhood Education, and later on in life my Bachelor’s in Psychology. I hope you will give me that chance after reading this essay. I know I can exceed if I try and I know I can succeed if I believe. At the end of this school year, when I receive that acceptance letter from the college of my choice, I’ll know there is someone who believes I can succeed too.

by Kristin12889 at yahoo dot com

about my own life

Everybody’s life has many changes. I am a seventeen-year-old Vietnamese girl. At this moment, I’m thinking about the past and draw a new resolution for my future. The time that I lived in my country, and the short time I have lived here in the United States of America, have shaped me into an useful person in this life. In my past, I have ever overcome many difficulties. Those things made me have a lot of changes and made my life to be better. It is a meaningful past in my memory.

I grew up in the countryside and had fun there. In my family, there were twelve members that consisted of my grandparents, my mother, my uncle, my five aunts, my two older brothers and me. My family was very happy to live there. When we had free time, we often went camping some places. I had a few friends, and we always played together everyday. My friends and I would help each other on playing many new things. We would visit each other's homes to chat together instead of staying home lonely. We were known as the smart kids in this place. That life there, for me, was very happy. And changes also started since this time.

When I was five, I started my elementary school in Hochiminh city, the biggest city in Vietnam, and confronted discrimination. I tried to learn to be familiar with new environment, but I couldn’t. It is a fact that once in all my life have I gone to school. I had no friends. In this school, I felt isolated to talk to any students. They were discriminatory. The reason was “I didn’t have father”, he left me as soon as I was born. They teased me as if I was an orphan, but actually, I was not. I still had my mom, and she loved me so much. I was often lonely, but I had accepted loneliness as a condition of my studying. Sometimes, I couldn’t stand their teasing, but I had to…I had to force myself to ignore them. At that time, I missed my friends in the small town, and I cried, I felt something break. It was my soul that hurt. It hurt inside of me, a crushing pain. I wondered why my old friends lived so far away from me. I thought if they were there, they would protect me. Then I seemingly got familiar with the new surroundings, it was living hell. My role in relationship was suddenly reserved. I saw my fear which was to be secluded forever, and it entered my life. For five years I had to face my problem, I learned how to stand on my own feet, as everything with me didn’t happen fluently. And what they did, gave me courage to accept the fact. But it was not the only problem that I had to face.

By the summer of my middle-school years, I had rearranged the structure of my life. I got accustomed to many new friends. Unbelievable, they treated me as friendly and helpful as my old friends did. They were so kind. One time, my family had many difficulties about finance; they didn’t have ability to pay for my tuition. So I might stay at home for a half year without school. Then my new friends encouraged everybody in my school to help me paying for it. After that, I came back to school and continued my studying. That was very lucky for me to have them, my new friends. When I had problems, they always were there for me. I tried to study hard because I wanted to thank for all that my friend have done for me. Every problem didn’t stop here.

As time passed, things got changed again. The year I turned fifteen, I graduated ninth grade and entered high school. Even though I have ever had good friends in intermediate school but the teachers haven’t been friendly. They were always strict. But in my high school, I seemingly satisfied all my new teachers and also my new friends. I had a perfect life in that school. I met a good teacher whose name was Ms. Diep. She was the first teacher that I admired a lot. Besides helping me to improve more about mathematic, she gave me confidence to carry out what I wanted to do. She has told me, "You can be whatever you want to be, whenever you are ready to be it." That was really the great sentence that I had ever heard. So I could make sure about myself, about the ability to succeed in my life. Moreover, my friends in high school loved me as much as I loved them. All my teachers also loved us because we were diligent students. I really pleased with my life at that time. It took me almost two years to study in high school in Vietnam. Then my mom, my two brothers, and I moved to the United States of America. For the first time, I learned to be comfortable with English, new society, and new custom. Besides, I also learned to eat new foods, heard new music, and got familiar with new school. In the first school in America, it was really too hard for me to understand what the teacher said, but I would have to try my best to do everything well. This second world, the United States of America, was too strange for all the newcomers who liked me. However, I trusted with my effort and hopefulness, I would have a brilliant future. Though everything was different, I still remember my past which was very meaningful.

Things keep going on, and I am still myself. The only thing that I will change is to become more mature. My meaningful memory helps me to grow up understanding the significance of my life’s elements. I met many difficulties before, and now I know that I’m strong. I believe in “No pain, no gain”. Dreaming about my ambition is a thing that I’m currently doing. If I can carry out my ambition well, to be a pharmacist, that will mean success.

by theonlylovevn at yahoo dot com

abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln was born in 1809. Abraham Lincoln was a tall thin bearded man. He became the 16th president of the United States of America. He grew up in a log cabin and freed the slaves. He had many siblings and children and died in 1865. Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809. He had an older sister named Sarah and a brother named Thomas. His mother's name was Nancy and his father's name was Thomas. They lived in a one-room log cabin called knobs. Abraham's father couldn't read or write but his mother on the other hand was very intelligent and she could read and write. Abraham's father was a hard working man and his mother died in 1818 from an illness called milk sickness. Abraham's dad got a new wife named Sarah. Abraham's first job was to help build a flatbed boat for a man. He had to load it with barrels of provisions, and he had to sail it down the Mississippi River from Illinois to New Orleans. I don't really know what his other jobs were excepts his presidency which I will talk to you about later. On August 4, Abraham was elected as a representative to the Legislature. I don't know what state he was elected for though.

Abraham never actually went to collage. On November 4, 1842 Mary Todd and Abraham Lincoln got married. August 1, 1843 they had their first son named Robert Todd. They had a second son born in March 1846. Then in December 1849 they had a son named Eddie and two months later Eddie got sick and died. Then in 1853 they had their last son Thomas.

5 Abraham Lincoln was elected as President in November 1860 as a Republican. On January 1, 1863 Abraham set all the slaves free. One black person (I don't know his name) wrote Abraham a letter before all this saying thank you and that while he's in heaven all the angels will sing his praise for this action. In 1863 riots broke out. People were getting mad because they and to get drafted for war and many black people were dying.

In 1860, a southern paper proclaimed that the revolution had begun. On April 15, Lincoln issued a call for troops. Then on April 19, Abraham Lincoln proclaimed a blockade of the south. This was during 1861. On November 19, 1863 Abraham delivered the Gettysburg address. On February 11, 1861Abraham boarded a train for Washington and his inauguration. He said he was sad to be leaving Springfield. Abraham had received many threats. On April 12, 1861 the first shot of the civil war was fired. In 1862 Abraham suffered a personal lost. He would relax by playing with his two sons for a couple hours. In early 1862 the union won many important victories in the west. Abraham worked very hard being a president. He was the 16th president and had three kids. He also had tragic losses and went through a lot. A guy named John Wilkes Booth shot Abraham Lincoln on April 14, 1865 at the Fords theatre in Washington. Nine hours later Abraham died at 7:23. Lincoln was shot because of his popularity. 6

by Anonymous Student

Martin Luther King timeline: 1929 to 1962

A timeline of Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. from birth until 1962.

The Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. was born on January 15,1929 (9). Martin Luther King Jr. began nursery school at the very young age of three years old in 1932 (5). After attending elementary school for one year Martin Luther King got expelled from school after his second grade teacher found out that he was only five years old which was a year too young to be in second grade in 1934 (5). The Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. began attending high school at the thirteen in 1942 (5). Both the father and grandfather of Martin Luther King were pastors of the same church in Atlanta his grandfather served as pastor from 1914 to 1931 , his father served as the pastor between the years of 1931 and 1960 (7). Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. gave his first public sermon in 1947 at the church called The Ebenezer Baptist Church which his father was the pastor of it and before that his grandfather was the pastor of it (8).Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. graduated from Morehouse College in 1948 where he earned his Bachelor degree (4). Martin Luther King later attended Crozer Theological Seminary in 1951 and then a few years later at Boston University in 1955 he later earned his Doctor of Philosophy (4). The Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. got married on June 18,1953 to a woman named Coretta Scott. The Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. had four kids the first if them was a girl , she was born November 17,1955, his second child was Martin Luther The Third who was born two years after the birth of his sister, Martin Luther King's third child was born four years after Martin Luther The Third and his name was Dexter Scott , finally the fourth and final child of Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. was Bernice Albertine, she was born March 28,1963 (4). The Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. was also the founder and / or president of a lot of committee's / club that where dedicated to the advancement and equal rights and justice for colored people (8). In the year of 1957 was the year when Martin was the president of S.C.L.C , which stands for the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, Martin was also the founder of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (8). The year of 1957 was a very good year for Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King Jr., not only did he form and was the president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference ,but it was the first time that he appeared on the cover of a magazine, and the reason why this was so important towards the advancement of colored people was the fact of a Black man appearing on the cover of a widely distributed magazine that went world wide was a great accomplishment for a black person at that time and showed probably helped to show that Black people can be famous or acknowledged for their work which in turn leads back to the quest of Martin Luther King for the right and freedom to be treated equally as any other person from a different racial group (5). Martin visited the country of India for a month in 1959 (5). Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. started serving as an assistant pastor at the Ebenezer Baptist Church which his father and his grandfather were the pastor's of it before he became the assistant pastor in 1960 (5). The Reverend Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. got arrested a few moths after he became the assistant pastor of the Ebenezer Baptist Church while he was at a restaurant waiting to be severed , but he was later released after John Kennedy and Robert Kennedy found out about it and went to the jail that Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. was being held and helped him to get out of there (9). Doctor Martin Luther King Jr. went to jail a second time on July 27, 1962 (9). The year of 1963 I would think was one of the most important years for Martin Luther King, but that is outside the scope of this paper.

by Anonymous Student

Fox Cities

The Fox Cities began over five hundred years ago when sixteen hundred fur traders invaded the Indian tribes known as the Dakota, Outagamie, Menominee, and Iroquois. For hundreds of years the tribes had used the productive land to hunt birds, harvest food from the rich soil, and use the treacherous rivers for transportation (Kort, p. 13-14).

The Menominee and Outagamie tribes were known to have great pride in their nation. The Menominee tribe, which means 'wild oat eaters'(Kort, p. 15), flourished on the Menominee River and harvested wild rice. To the white fur traders, the Menominee tribe was very dependable for food and loyal for protection. The Outagamie tribe was aggressive, cunning, and determined to drive the foreigners out of the Fox Valley. Outagamie means 'dwellers on the other shore'(Kort, p. 15) and grew to be the restless of all the tribes. The Black Hawk War of 1832 and the Winnebago War of 1827 brought great tension between the white people and the Indian tribes. As the years went on, the white people intruded the Winnebago land of the Indians causing great arguments. The chief of the Winnebago tribe, Red Bird, set an attack against the white settlers. Frightened by the Indians, the people turned to Governor Cass to arrange an army. As white men gathered from all over the Fox River, the Indians decided to make a truce with the white people. Dressed in white elk skin, Red Bird led his tribe to the soldiers carrying the pipe of peace. He was captured by the soldiers and imprisoned and later died of old age. Red Bird's spirit is still in the heart of the Winnebago land where a monument was placed in High Cliff State Park in his memory (Kort, p. 30-33).

Known for its natural beauty and water power, Appleton was first developed from the land of Grand Chute and grew around the Lawrence Institute. In 1835, Hippolyte Grignon built the White Heron off the banks of the Fox River in the land of Grand Chute. His purpose for this structure was to serve as a post office and inn for travelers and Indians. His residency brought great attention to a beautiful area that will later be the town of Appleton (Heller, p. 6-12). The city's name Appleton was chosen by Reeder Smith, a Methodist minister who honored William Appleton. William Appleton was a Congress man from Boston who had five thousand acres of land around the Fox River. This generous man donated a huge piece of land on the Fox River to Amos Lawrence the founder of the Lawrence Institute. His cousin, Samuel Appleton, provided ten thousand dollars to Amos Lawrence as a gift for naming the city after his name. The University of Lawrence opened up in January 17, 1847 and was the second co-ed school in America (http://www.apl.org/history/appleton.html), (Nelson, p. 186-190). The city of Appleton has really grown since the 1830's. It has the population of LKJL:JL:L, has developed many different schools, and offers a lot of exciting attractions. The University of Wisconsin-Fox Valley and Fox Valley Technical College were opened and currently serve as great schools for training in business and industry fields. The city of Appleton has five high schools consisting of East High School, West High School, North High School, Xavier High School, and Fox Valley Lutheran.

Some of the big attractions in Appleton are the Fox Cities Performing Art Center, the Children Museum, and High Cliff State park. The Fox Cities Performing Art Center was recently completed on College Avenue. The art center hosts the graduation of Appleton East High School, the production of many well-known plays, concerts, and symphony performances by the University of Lawrence. The Children's Museum offers fun for all ages relating and teaching one another about music, art, cultures, fire trucks, electricity, human body, disabilities, healthy foods, wildlife, and science. High Cliff State park is a great Indian preserve area consisting of climbing, hiking, public beach, and Indian burial mounds ('Sights of Appleton', 1992).

In 1832, Father Van den Broek traveled up the Fox River to 'little waterfall'(Kort, p. 40), which is Little Chute today, to encounter Indians and learn about their culture. As his friendship grew with the Native Americans, he cared, housed, fed, and provided necessities for them. Father Broek taught the Indians the alphabet and history of the American culture. Father Broek was a very loving priest who served the Indians well and provided mass for more than two hundred people. The first church was built in the village called St. John Nepomucene Church. The population grew and the Indians developed another addition for the church. Father Broek increased friendships between the Indians and the white people. He helped the village of 'little waterfall'(Kort, p. 40) become a prosperous and caring town. After Father Broek's death, the town was renamed to Little Chute that came from a boot called 'La Petite Chute'(Kort, p. 42).

The town of Little Chute celebrates the Great Wisconsin Cheese Festival each year in the month of June. The celebration is held at Doyle Park with many carnival rides, contests, free cheese tasting, entertainment, bands, and lots of cheese. The Big Cheese Parade starts the festival by traveling down the main street of Little Chute and presenting all of the sponsors. Throughout the days there is the Cheese Carving Demonstration, Free Cheese Tasting, the Cheese Curd Eating Contest, and the Cheesecake Contest. One of the sponsors of the Great Wisconsin Cheese Festival is Simon's Cheese. Simon's Specialty Cheese is a grand factory to visit and learn about the cheese making process. Visitors are encouraged to sample the large variety of cheese made from Wisconsin dairy farms (http://www.littlechutewi.org/calendar_events/cheesefest.html). The Menominee word, 'Ogaq-Kane'(Kort, p.43), is one of the root words for the city of Kaukauna. 'Known by early settlers as 'the lion of the Fox', Kaukauna is the oldest settlement in Outagamie County'(Kort, p. 43). Mills were set up on the banks of the Fox River powered by three great waterfalls. When the Treaty of the Cedars was signed in 1836, many new settlers moved into Kaukauna looking for a job at the mills. The Fox Cities came to an agreement in 1851 to provide a broad canal project. For the city of Kaukauna the project supplied more protection for travelers and more opportunities for mills to be placed on the river. In the 1870's Kaukauna faced competition between the Chicago and Northwestern Railroad. Many new mills were developed and the first paper mill was added in 1873.

One of the youngest villages in the Outagamie County, Combined Locks, was founded by Roland Garner. He was a farmer who settled on the banks of the white water and created a home for many Germans. After the Germans settled into Garner's Landing, the forest area was wiped out to plant crops of many varieties. The village obtained its name from all of the canals that formed the Fox River. In 1889, the first paper company opened and the village became part of the Outagamie County on August 5, 1920. Although Combined Locks is one of the smallest villages in the Fox Cities, many immigrants moved to the community and brought many new customs from other countries. Combined Locks has grown to be one of the most productive farming villages in the Fox Cities today.

The settlement of Kimberly started in the village of Smithfield next to the town of De Pere and Kaukauna. This area was the relocation site for all the Indians after the New York agreement in 1820. The first Methodist Episcopal Church in the Fox Cities was built in the village by Reverend John Clark. Kimberly-Clark began in 1889 when the rich farming land was purchased and used for paper mill manufacturers. In 1901, a fire started in the town and most of the mills were ruined. Kimberly-Clark was rebuilt in 1903 and now is one of the biggest industries in the Fox Cities.

In the cities of Combined Locks, Kaukauna, and Kimberly, the Thousand Island Environmental Center offers recreational activities, educational programs, events, and trails for sight seeing. 'The purpose of this Conservancy Zone is to preserve the land in a natural state for the benefit of all citizens, with the idea of teaching good conservation practices and preservation of natural resources' (http://home.new.rr.com/thousandisland/). The recreational activities are snowshoeing, hiking, canoeing, cross country skiing, and fishing. The educational programs offer the importance of wildlife, natural preservation, and all the species the environmental center provides. In the summer, the environmental center has many programs that help kids learn and have fun. The programs consist of bug day, fishing is for kids, bird house building, meet the animals day, and crayfish and critters hunt. Thousand Island Environmental Center has many trails for hiking and sight seeing the famous Bald Eagle. The center has many fun filled activities for families to enjoy and also learn about natural preservation (http://home.new.rr.com/thousandisland/).

In 1833, the town of Menasha flourished along the banks of the Fox River and Lake Winnebago. The land owners at the time were James Doty, Morgan L. Martin, and Daniel Whitney. James Doty, an influential man to the town of Menasha, was the governor of Wisconsin. James Doty owned most of the property in Menasha, so he named Doty Island after himself. The town of the Menasha started to grow quickly when the government set up advertisements for land in the surrounding town's newspapers. Mr. Harrison M. Reed became a rich man in Menasha by owning a saw mill, log homes, and the water power. Harrison M. Reed was the founder of the town of Neenah, developed the first road from Neenah to Oshkosh, and produced his own newspaper. The name Neenah is from the Menominee language and means water. Governor Doty gave the town Neenah its name because it has two channels that run through the town and it is surrounded by Lake Winnebago. In the late 1840's, Governor James Doty, Charles Reed, Harvey Jones, and Harrison Reed were determined to improve the Fox River by building dams. The fellow congress members brought the towns of Neenah and Menasha together to work as a team. Harvey Jones, in favor of Neenah, wanted to place locks and canals in the city of Neenah. Curtis Reed, an intelligent man, navigated the Fox River in the town of Menasha. The two men argued for a long time with the congress on deciding where to build the dams. In the end, the congress favored Curtis Reed for exploring the water in the town of Menasha and discussing the problems.

Along the Fox River, Menasha is a town built with many enjoyable activities and departments that are needed for people living in the Fox Cities. The town of Menasha has twelve parks, a skate park, five boat launches, and a Marina. Most of the twelve parks are located on the banks of Lake Winnebago with activities such as biking trails, picnic trails, fishing, swimming, play equipment, and pavilions. The skate park of Menasha was constructed by Custom Skate Park Concepts in 2002. The skate park allows skateboards, BMX bikes, and roller bladders to enjoy the park from 7am-10pm. On the banks of the Winnebago Lake, Menasha has a marina that hold over eighty seasonal boats and extravagant seafood restaurants (http://www.cityofmenasha-wi.gov/content/community/index.php).

The Fox Cities has developed more than four hundred years when the young fur traders intruded the Indian tribes of Outagamie and Menominee for land. Cities prospered on the Fox River for transportation and necessities. In 1847, 'the roots to the city of Appleton were planted with the founding of Lawrence College through a gift of money to the Methodist Church by Amos Lawrence' (Nelson, p. 189). By improving economics and industries, the cities have learned to corroborate and deal with raging white water Fox River. Today, the cities still

by Anonymous Student

General PGT Beauregard

Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard.Born May 28, 1818, best known as a General for the Confederate States of Americaduring the American Civil War, was also a writer, civil servant, and inventor.

Beauregard was born in New Orleans, Louisiana to a white Creole family. He trained at the United States Military Academy at West Point, graduating in 1838, and excelled both as an artilleryman and military engineer. He served as a major under Winfeild Scott during the Mexican-American War. He briefly entered into politics in his home town, and was narrowly defeated in the election for Mayor of New Orleans in 1858. He then returned to teach at West Point, where he rose to become the Superintendent of the Military Academy, then resigned when Loisiana seceded from the Union.

Beauregard was one of 8 full generals in the Confederate Army. He recommended stationing strong forces to protect New Orleans, but was overruled by Jefferson Davis -- this started friction between Beauregard and Davis that would only get worse as years progressed. Beauregard's first assignment from the Confederate Government was command of the forces in Carleston, South Carolina, where on April 12, 1861 he opened fire on the Union held Fort Sumter, regarded as the start of the American Civil War. He led Confederate forces to victory in the First Battle of Manassas and commanded with mixed results until forced to withdraw at the Battle of Shiloh.

Beauregard successfully defended Charleston from repeated Union attacks 1862-1864. In 1864 he was appointed commander of Confederate forces in the West, where he fought without success to halt the advances of superior Union forces under Ulysses S. Grant and William T. Sherman. He surrendered to the Union in April 1865.

After the war he spoke in favor of civil and voting rights for the recently freed slaves, an opinion not common among high-ranking Confederates.

General Beauregard declined offers to take command of the armies of Romania 1868 and Egypt 1869.

He became involved in promotion of railroad, both as a company director and a consulting engineer. He invented a system of cable-powered street railway cars.

He served in the government of the State of Louisiana, first as adjutant general, and then less successfully as manager of the Louisiana State Lottery. Though considered personally honest, he failed to reform corruption in the Lottery system.

by Anonymous Student

Giuseppe Garibaldi

Garibaldi's popularity, his skill at rousing the masses, and his military exploits are all credited with making the unification of Italy possible. He also served as a global example of mid-19th century revolutionary nationalism and liberalism. But following the liberation of southern Italy from the Neapolitan monarchy, Garibaldi chose to sacrifice his liberal republican principles for the sake of unification. (Burton, Jean, Garibaldi: Knight of Liberty, 1945)

Giuseppe Garibaldi was born in Nice, France, on July 4, 1807. His father raised and educated him to be a priest. However, his heart was with the sea and he wanted to be a merchant. In 1833 he joined the navy of the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont. In Geneva in November 1833, Garibaldi met Giuseppe Mazzini, a strong believer of Italian unification. He joined the Young Italy movement and the Carbonari revolutionary association. Garibaldi participated in a failed republican uprising in Piedmont in February 1834. He was sentenced to death in Genoa but escaped to France later that year, then later traveled to Tunisia. After Tunisia, Garibaldi left for Brazil and fought for its independence from Portugal. During this war he met Anita Ribeiro. In October 1839, Anita left her husband, Manuel Duarte Aguiar, to join Garibaldi on his ship, the Rio Pardo. In 1847 he offered his services to Pope Pius IX but was refused. (Burton, Jean, Garibaldi: Knight of Liberty, 1945)

In 1848 he Lead eighty of his legionaries back to Italy where he vainly offered to fight for the King of Piedmont. He was in command of a volunteer unit at Milan against the Austrians, and survived two brisk engagements at Luino and Morrazzone. His exploits against the Austrians in Milan and against the French forces supporting Rome and the Papal States made him a national hero. Overpowered at last in Rome, Garibaldi and his men had to retreat through central Italy in 1849. Anita, his wife and companion-in-arms, died during this retreat. Disbanding his men, Garibaldi again escaped abroad, where he lived successively in North Africa, the United States, and Peru. He did not return to Italy until 1854. In 1858 he went to Turin to meet Count Cavour, the Piedmonts Prime Minister, who wanted him to organize a corps of volunteers, in anticipation of another war against Austria. In 1859 he helped Piedmont in a new war against Austria, leading a volunteer Alpine force that captured Varese and Como. (Garibaldi: Great Lives Observed, by Dennis Mack Smith, Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 1969.)

In May 1860, Garibaldi set out on the greatest venture of his life, the conquest of Sicily and Naples. This time he had no governmental support, but Premier Cavour and King Victor Emmanuel II did not attempt to stop him. They actually offered their support in his quest, but only if he proved successful. Sailing from near Genoa on May 6 with 1,000 Red Shirts, Garibaldi reached Marsala, Sicily, on May 11 and proclaimed himself dictator in the name of Victor Emmanuel. At the Battle of Calatafimi on May 30, 1860 his guerrilla force defeated the regular army of the king of Naples. Garibaldi crossed the Strait of Messina on August 18 and in a rapid march reached Naples on September 7. On October 3 he fought another battle on the Volturno River, which was the biggest battle him and his men had ever undertaken, and won. He handed Sicily and Naples over to Victor Emmanuel when the two met near the Volturno on October 26. (Campanella, Anthony P. Garibaldi's Memoirs, South Carolina, 1981)

For many years Garibaldi lived the life of a farmer on Caprera. In 1870 he offered his services to the French government and fought with his two sons in the Franco-Prussian War. Rome was annexed to Italy in October 1870, and Garibaldi was elected a member of the Italian parliament in 1874. In his last years he sympathized with the developing socialist movement in Italy and other countries. Giuseppe Garibaldi died on the Italian island of Caprera in 1882, where he was burried. Five ships of the Italian Navy have been named after him, among which a World War II cruiser and the current flagship, the aircraft carrier Giuseppe Garibaldi. Garibaldi's autobiography, Autobiography of Giuseppe Garibaldi, was published in 1887.

Giuseppe Garibaldi did so much in the fight to end the papal rule in Italy. In 1860, General Garibaldi landed in Sicily with his famous 1,000 volunteers determined to march on Rome and liberate the City. After a big battle on the Volturno River, he held plebiscites in Sicily and Naples, and then gave the whole of southern Italy to Cavour, proclaiming Victor Emmanuel as King of a united nation. He returned to the island of Caprera, which then remained his permanent home. In 1862, he made another attempt to liberate Rome without success. In 1867, he led another attempt to liberate Rome also without success. “Garibaldi was like a caged lion on the island of Caprera and longed day and night to liberate his land from the roaring lion in the Vatican.” Pope Pius IX was feeling more and more secure with the French garrison securing the City and Garibaldi a prisoner on the island of Caprera. In July 1870, he actually had himself declared infallible. “Then, like lightning, disaster struck. France and Prussia went to war and the French garrison had to be withdrawn. The Italians rushed into the City and the fall of the Papacy was complete.” (Parris, John The Lion of Caprera: A biography of Giuseppe Garibaldi, London, 1962.)

Without Garibaldi's support, the unification of Italy could not have taken place when it did. A gifted leader and man of the people, he knew far better than Cavour or Mazzini how to stir the masses, and he repeatedly hastened the pace of events. Disappointed in later life with politics, he declared himself a socialist. He was known as Italy's most brilliant soldier of the Risorgimento (the Italian Unification), and one of the greatest guerrilla fighters of all time.

by a13stephen at aol dot com

fredrick douglass

Born into slavery in Tuckahoe, Maryland, as Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, he was taught to read and write as a child in violation of state laws. After being sold and traded to several different owners, he escaped to freedom at age 20, got married, and adopted the last name Douglass. He soon became active in the incipient abolitionist movement. After making an impromptu speech at the Massachusetts Antislavery Society in 1841, Douglass began to speak more and more on behalf of abolitionism, and eventually embarked upon a three-year speaking tour of Northern cities. His powerful rhetorical style, combining humor and outrage, showed audiences the numerous evils of slavery and built public support for the abolitionist cause.

In 1845, Douglass wrote his autobiography and called it "Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave". Written as antislavery propaganda, this powerful book told of his struggle to gain his freedom, identified his owner, and became a national bestseller. It also forced Douglass into exile in England for two years to avoid capture by slave traders. Later he would be freed travel to North America.

Douglass returned to the United States in 1847 to publish The North Star, an abolitionist paper, in Rochester, New York. On the masthead appeared the motto, Right is of no sex...Truth is of no color...God is the Father of us all, and we are all Brethen. Douglass's children helped publish the four-page paper. As the abolitionist movement gained strength in 1850s, Douglass became more directly involved with the Underground Railroad. Harriet Tubman and other conductors often stayed at Douglass's house en route to Canada. In the notorious Dred Scott decision of 1857, the Supreme Court ruled that black people had no rights under the Constitution. This decision infuriated Douglass, and deepened the national debate over slavery.

Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860 promising to limit slavery's expansion. Eleven Southern states, built on a slave economy, decided to leave the country. War soon broke out. Douglass welcomed the Civil War in 1861 as an opportunity for a moral crusade to free slaves and establish a true democracy. During the Civil War, Douglass traveled around the country calling on Lincoln to immediately end slavery and enroll black troops in the war effort. After Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, Douglass helped recruit blacks for the Union Army.

Douglass continued to advise Lincoln throughout the Civil War, and pushed for constitutional amendments that would end slavery once and for all and give blacks a legally guaranteed place in society. With the North's victory, Douglass saw these goals realized: the 13th amendment banned slavery, the 14th amendment gave citizenship to everyone born in the United States, and the 15th amendment granted the right to vote to males over the age of 21 (women did not gain the right to vote until 1920 with the passage of the 19th amendment). After the war, Douglass held a number of posts. President Rutherford Hayes appointed Douglass the federal marshal of Washington D.C. in 1877. In 1889, Douglass became minister to Haiti, a position he stayed in for two years. During the 1890s, Douglass returned to the lecture circuit in order to condemn the lynchings and ìJim Crowî laws (these limited the rights of blacks) which characterized the new wave of racism sweeping the South. Douglass died on February 20, 1895, just after attending a meeting for women's suffrage. Frederick Douglass was the most prominent black American leader of the 19th century. A fiery orator, dedicated editor, bestselling author, and presidential advisor, Douglass crusaded for human rights as an abolitionist, was a strong advocate of women's suffrage, and became a unique voice for social justice. Work Cited : Frederick Douglass NHS. The Life of Fredrick Douglass.

14 February 1996. <> Sandra Thomas. "Abolitionst/Editor" A biography of the life of Fredrick Douglass. 24 June 1998.

Natiomaster.com . Encyclopedia: Fredrick Douglass.

2003. Stephen Deeley. Fredrick Douglass Museum Chronology. The Life of Fredrick Douglass. 4 Feb. 1996.<>

by Anonymous Student

Peter the Great

Sarah Summers World Cultures - period 8 Mr. Gornell 27 April 2005 Peter the Great

Peter the Great was born in Moscow on Thursday, May 30, 1672 on the feast of Saint Isaac of Dalmatia (Hughes 1). Pyotr Alexeevich, his formal name, was the fourteenth child born to Alexi I and his second wife Nataliya Kryillovna Naryshkina. Peter towered an astounding six feet seven inches tall. He started out sharing Power with his step-brother, Ivan, who was an invalid, but obtained sole power when he was twenty-four, after Ivan's death in 1696 ('Peter I of Russia' 1). Through his domestic, military, and government reforms, Peter the Great enabled Russia to be considered a leading eastern European state ('Peter the Great' 1).

Peter the Great wanted to bring Russia into a new era. He achieved his goal of domestic reformation through Russia's economy, the church, and education. By boosting the industrial, commercial, and agricultural aspects, Peter hoped a richer Russia would invest in their military to increase strength, and therefore increasing Peter's amount of power. Unfortunately, he did not gain as much as he had hoped for, but he did help boost Russia into a period of rapid economic growth ('Peter the Great - domestic reforms' 2). Peter also saw a need for reform in the church. Not only did the church have a large source of wealth that Peter wanted a part of, but it had land, power, and serfs challenging those of the tsar. When the head of the church died in 1700, Peter did not replace him -- rather, he handed the property of the church over to a branch of the government. In turn, subjecting it to Peter's command. In 1721, a regulation was set on the church as it fell entirely under state control. This regulation stated everything the clergy could do and, in a sense, controlled their daily life. The clergy's job was to 'make their congregations totally submissive to the state by convincing them that Peter was all but God-like to ensure the population of Russia's total subordination to the crown' ('Peter the Great - domestic reforms' 1). If Russia had any hopes of becoming a superpower, they could not be fulfilled until the education aspect of society was modernized. Peter knew that proper education for both the soldiers and the officers was vital for a successful military. With this in mind, he set up schools for navigation and maths, artillery and languages, medicine, engeneering, and science ('Peter the Great - domestic reforms' 1). In 1703, a newspaper was issued for the educated public. Peter encouraged many young noble men to travel abroad and gain knowledge through expirience, as he had done. Peter welcomed newly-obtained intelligence and thought it to be an assest to Russia's development. Russian traditions were forgotton, beards were shaved, and western clothing was adopted as Russis made its way out of midieval times ('Peter the Great - domestic reforms' 1).

Peter the Great significantly modernized the Russian Navy and the Army through his military reforms. Peter both united and increased the size of the army. Before Peter, the army was not an extremely good fighting force, rather a weak and hopeless one. It consisted mainly of villagers with a few professionals here and there. The leaders of this abject group included village elders who were most certainly not experienced in the field of military leadership. In 1699, Peter set forth a standing army based upon the systems of two foreign-owned armies. For the army to be homogeneous, all of the soldiers had to go through a similar training program. After 1705, any noble or serf could enlist in the army for a lifetime. Russia had approximately one-hundred-thirty-thousand men in the army by 1725. Although inexperienced, thanks to Peter's insistance of educated and perservirience, the Russian Army was up to the standards of the Europeans ('Peter the Great - military reforms'). In addition to improving the army, Peter the Great enhanced the navy as a part of military improvement, as improvement was inevitable needed. The navy base was located on the mouth of the River Don and reached to the Baltic Sea. Due to a lack of military experts in Russia, Peter brought foreign ones in. Russia had eight-hundred galleys and 48 ships by 1725. Although the navy's officers were foreign, the crew remained Russian ('Peter the Great - military reforms'). Much money was spent on improving the military, but it was compensated for through direct taxation, such as income tax. As Peter was a progressive, he saw the Old Believers as blocking the way for reform. In hopes of reducing their number, Peter introduced a soul tax on all males. This did not include the clergy or the nobility, but the Old Believers had to pay double. The army became responsible for collecting a complete list of all the males in Russia -- this task was not completed until 1724. Military reforms were also paid for using indirect taxing methods, such as taxes on beards and bee-hives. It was apparent that Peter the Great would go to any extent to raise enough money for his reforms ('Peter the Great - military reforms').

Peter saw the Russian government in dire need of reform. He tried to enhance all aspects of the government, from the local government, to the provincial government, and all the way up through the central governement. Starting with the local government, Peter tried to reduce the power of the provincial governments by allowing elections for town officials to collect taxes and promote trade. To improve the provincial government, in 1707, Peter divided Russia into eight guberniia and a Gubnator to rule each of them. Within each guberniia, there were smaller districts called uzeda. By 1718, Russia had forty provinciias that were divided into uzedas within each of the twelve guberniia. Each Gubnator had to answer directly to Peter. When it came to the central government, Peter started out with a council of advisors -- and forty different departments carried out his orders. However, responsibilities were not divided equally among the departments and this system was ineffective. In 1711, a nine-man council was established which turned out to be similar to the United State's current form of law enforcement, with a chief executive and a high court.

Unforntunately, when Peter died in 1725, no lasting changes in the government could be seen.

Works Cited

Hughes, Lindsey. Peter the Great: A Biography. New Heaven: Yale University Press, 2002. 'Peter the Great.' History Learning Site. March 2002: 2 pages. 24 April 2005 . 'Peter the Great - domestic reforms.' History Learning Site. March 2002: 2 pages. 24 April 2005 . 'Peter the Great - government reforms.' History Learning Site. March 2002: 2 pages. 24 April 2005 . 'Peter the Great - military reforms.' History Learning Site. March 2002: 2 pages. 24 April 2005 . 'Peter I of Russia.' Wikipedia. April 2005: 5 pages. 24 April 2005 .

by Anonymous Student

Gregor Mendel Biography

Mendel was born on July 20, 1822, in a German-speaking family of Heinzendorf in Silesia, part of the Austrian Empire (now Hynčice in the Czech Republic) and was baptized 2 days later. During his childhood Mendel worked as a gardener, and as a young man attended the Philosophical Institute in Olomouc. In 1843 he entered the Augustinian Abbey of St. Thomas in Brno. Born Johann Mendel, he took the name Gregor upon entering monastic life. In 1847 he was ordained as a priest. In 1851 he was sent to the University of Vienna to study, returning to his abbey in 1853 as a teacher, principally of physics.

Gregor Mendel was inspired by both his professors at university and his colleagues at the monastery to study variation in plants. He commenced his study in his monastery's experimental garden. Between 1856 and 1863 Mendel cultivated and tested some 28,000 pea plants. His experiments brought forth two generalizations which later became known as Mendel's Laws of Inheritance.

Mendel's attraction to research was based on his love of nature. He was not only interested in plants, but also in meteorology and theories of evolution. Mendel often wondered how plants obtained atypical characteristics. On one of his frequent walks around the monastery, he found an atypical variety of an ornamental plant. He took it and planted it next to the typical variety. He grew their progeny side by side to see if there would be any approximation of the traits passed on to the next generation. This experiment was "designed to support or to illustrate Lamarck's views concerning the influence of environment upon plants." He found that the plants' respective offspring retained the essential traits of the parents, and therefore were not influenced by the environment. This simple test gave birth to the idea of heredity.

Mendel read his paper, "Experiments on Plant Hybridization", at two meetings of the Natural History Society of Brünn in Moravia in 1865. When Mendel's paper was published in 1866 in Proceedings of the Natural History Society of Brunn, it had little impact and was cited about three times over the next thirty-five years.

Elevated as abbot in 1868, his scientific work largely ended as Mendel became consumed with his increased administrative responsibilities, especially a dispute with the civil government over their attempt to impose special taxes on religious institutions.

Mendel died on January 6, 1884, in Brno, Austria-Hungary (now Czech Republic), from chronic nephritis.

by Anonymous Student

Brief Biography of Pol Pot

Classified as one of the prime movers of Cambodian political history as well as the renaissance of the studies of international human rights in Cambodian contexts as well as in other humanitarian fields, Pol Pot is, inevitably, a man worth to be studied about.

Pol Pot was a man that steered the entire Cambodia into a utopian agrarian State, somehow considered as a duplicate of Mao¡¯s Cultural Revolution. Such the patriotic policy has killed at least one million Cambodian innocent just in his political mandate between 1975 - 1978.

Answer is yet to be known, because grandfather Pol Pot already peacefully passed away in a tranquil woods and before his death, he never confessed that he committed any auto-genocide against his own citizens and fellow persons. Finally, the judgment is yet to be issued by the extraordinary chamber that Pol Pot is truly guilty of crime against humanity.

Why did he commit that? Is he guilty of auto-genocide or crime against humanity? If so who is this man?

Pol Pot¡¯s atrocious accomplishment proved that he is an interesting man that the world is ignoring. Until today, information about him; general and analytic, is very condensed, since Cambodia is lack of writers in the field of politics and history as well as Cambodia¡¯s dim image in the international view.

The entire content of this article is not thorough biographical writing about Pol Pot, and especially his political biography is not an intention, but just a very simple glance into his human life.

This article is to bring more global attentions to Cambodian political history: much more yet to be revealed.

I. Childhood

Despite his weirdness in human stereotype, characteristics and other such sentiments, Pol Pot was born in a human way like us. However, until today his real date of birth is still in conflict; North Korean radio announced that Pol Pot was born 1925 from ethic Khmer parents, and French colonial records prepared in Cambodia during the 1950s, stated that he was born May 25, 1928. So is it 1925 or May 25, 1928? David P. Chandler selects 1925, but I stand on the abstention in selecting any precise date for Pol Pot¡¯s date of birth. Until now, we have no idea of Pol Pot¡¯s real date of birth, because his parents as well as he, himself died before we can ask: ¡°what is your son or your real date of birth?¡±

Pol Pot was born in Prek Sbauv village, less than two miles west of the provincial capital of Kompong Thom province, some ninety miles of the capital Phnom Penh.

Pol Pot was not his real name, Saloth Sar was, indeed, his real name since he was born. So from this time, take into mind that ¡°Pol Pot and Salot Sar are just the same and one person.¡± But I like to use the name ¡°Pol Pot¡± throughout the text.

II. Family Background

Pol Pot was the eighth of nine children. According to David P. Chandler, Pol Pot was quite from a well-to-do family. His father, named Pen Saloth, was a prosperous farmer with nine hectares of rice land, several draft cattle, and a comfortable tile-roofed house and his mother, Sok Nem, was widely respected in the district for her piety and good works.

Pol Pot¡¯s family is somehow quite isolated from other families in the region; one reason was that his family was prosperous and secondly; palace connection. Pol Pot¡¯s cousin was the consort of Prince Sisowat Monivong and bore Sisowat Monivong a son named Kossarak. Moreover, Pol Po¡¯s older brother, Loth Suong, was also a palace clerk. So all of these show that Pol Pot did have strict relation with the palace.

Above all, Pol Pot does have very stringent palace connection and because of this merits, his scholarship for vocational studies in France was secured. Surprisingly, one wonder has left behind: Pol Pot inflicted corruption upon the royal families as his path to leadership from 1975 - 1979.

More needed to be curious above. As above-addressed, this article does not intend to cover the thorough biography of Pol Pot, but just to revoke another curiosity over Cambodian histories and state of affairs.

Extraordinary trial over Pol Pot¡¯s and his immediate followers¡¯ atrocities are impending: more challenges are impending and who should take part? Cambodia does need more public opinions and other kinds of contribution. Who know that your contribution would make a difference?

by vichekalay at yahoo dot com

Friday, March 28, 2008

Life of jesus christ